Dear Reader,
Hari ini saya akan mengulas tentang Contoh Soal TOEFL.
Jika kalian akan mengikuti test TOEFL dalam waktu dekat ini, maka tidak salah jika kalian membaca artikel ini sampai tuntas sebagai bahan referensi kalian karena saya akan memberikan 30 Contoh Soal TOEFL Listening Comprehension Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan.
Langsung saja kita mulai.
30 Contoh Soal TOEFL Listening Comprehension Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan Part C
Pembahasan Exercise Listening Comprehension Part C
Script 1
Narrator: Listen to the following talk about cabbage.
Woman :
Today, we continue talking about vegetable and fodder plants. We spoke of other types of these, including kale and collards, previously. Today we will review what is normally referred to as cabbage in common conversation.
Cabbage is a common vegetable native to England and northwestern France but now grown in many parts of Europe, Asia, and the American continents. There are three kinds of cabbage, all with the same basic characteristic: The leaves grow very close together, forming a hard, round head. The three types of cabbage are white, savory, and red. While the white and red cabbages have prominent veins in their leaves, savoy has wrinkled and blistered leaves. All forms of cabbage have succulent leaves covered with a waxy coating. They are low in calories, have little fat, and are an excellent source of ascorbic acid, minerals, and bulk, which helps digestion.
Cabbage seeds are quite small. Farmers normally sow the seeds in rows that are about 36 inches apart. After young plants have sprouted, the rows are thinned to allow a space of 18 to 24 inches between plants. Cabbage Is a biennial, meaning that it grows vegetatively one season, and its flowering and seed production occurs in the second season, after which the plant dies. Cabbage plants grow best in mild to cool climates, although they will tolerate frost and maybe even colder climates. Very hot weather affects the quality of the cabbage and impairs growth.
Cabbage Is a biennial, meaning that it grows vegetatively one season, and its flowering and seed production occurs in the second season, after which the plant dies. Cabbage plants grow best in mild to cool climates, although they will tolerate frost and maybe even colder climates. Very hot weather affects the quality of the cabbage and impairs growth.
Please read the materials provided, and then we will discuss brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and broccoli.
1. Narrator: According to the speaker, what Is a biennial?
Jawab: A plant that grows over a two-year period, alternating between producing plants and seeds.
Keyword: Biennial: grows vegetatively one season, and its flowering and seed production occurs in the second season, after which the plant dies.
Pembahasan: Dari monolog dijelaskan bahwa biennial berarti tumbuh secara vegetatif pada satu musim kemudian berbunga dan menghasilkan biji pada musim berikutnya lalu mati, sehingga bisa disimpulkan bahwa daur hidup tanaman biennial membutuhkan waktu lebih dari dua musim untuk berbunga dan menghasilkan biji.
2. Narrator: According to the speaker, where was cabbage originally found?
Jawab: In France and England.
Keyword: Native.
Pembahasan: Kata kunci “native” memiliki makna yang sama dengan “origin”, yang artinya “asal/asli”.
3. Narrator: According to the speaker, what is the main difference between the types of cabbage mentioned?
Jawab: Appearance.
Keyword: Three kinds of cabbage; the same basic characteristic; white, savory, and red.
Pembahasan: Dari kata kunci bisa diketahui bahwa jenis kubis memiliki tiga jenis warna yang berbeda, tetapi memiliki ciri dasar yang sama.
4. Narrator: According to the speaker, which of the following is not a characteristic of all cabbage types?
Jawab: Loose leaves and soft heads.
Keyword: Not a characteristic, the leaves grow very close together, forming a hard, round head.
Pembahasan: Dijelaskan dalam monolog bahwa salah satu ciri-ciri kubis adalah daunnya yang tumbuh sangat berdekatan erat.
5. Narrator: Which type of plant does the speaker say was discussed previously?
Jawab: Kale and collard greens.
Keyword: Continue talking, Including kale and collards, previously.
Pembahasan: Pada awal monolog bisa diketahui bahwa pembicara sebelumnya telah membahas hal yang serupa, dan dari ucapan “including kale and collards” berarti sebelumnya pembicara telah membicarakan mereka.
Script 2
Narrator: Listen to the following talk about Steven Crane.
Today, we continue our discussion of nineteenth-century authors. Steven Crane had the great fortune to write two extremely important works before reaching the age of 22. He lived only until age 28 but is as well known and well respected as many more prolific authors with many more years of experience.
Crane is known for his ability to combine realism and symbolism in a unique manner. But it has been said that he wasted his genius by living hard, trying to pack his life with experiences, including too many unhealthy ones. He seemed to believe that he had to experience what he wrote about first-hand. He risked his life by placing himself among bandits in Mexico, artillery fire in Cuba and Greece, and a shipwreck off the coast of Florida.
He described himself as lazy, indicating that he wrote only when he had to. He was driven to write, he said. When the muse hit him, he would rapidly write an entire story or a fragment that he would use with something else in the future. For example, he wrote a story about a sea voyage before he experienced the shipwreck. The story wasn’t published at the time because no magazine would take it. But the realistic story entitled “The Open Boat,” which was written about the shipwreck he actually experienced was considered a masterpiece, and the actual facts were interspersed with brilliant symbolism.
Crane wrote “The Open Boat” to describe his experience after the shipwreck. The realistic account relives the 30-hour search for shore in a 10-foot dinghy after the wreck. The book begins with the sentence, “None of them knew the color of the sky,” describing the point of view of the four men in the boat. The jerky, short sentence structure helped describe the feelings of the men in the boat.
Crane’s novel, The Red Badge of Courage, was a best seller in the U.S. and England and gave him immediate fame. While “The Open Boat” is a factual account. The Red Badge of Courage is fiction. Critics were shocked to learn that Crane was born after the war about which he wrote because the description is so realistic.
Crane also wrote a series of stories called The Bowery Tales, consisting of “Maggie, a Girl of the Streets” and other stories. It is a realistic account of poor people living in misery. The short stories that you’ll read begin with The Bowery Tales and end with “The Open Boat.” Look for symbolism and realism as well as parallels among the works. We will discuss them in more detail in future classes.
6. Narrator: According to the speaker, which of the following is true about Stephen Crane?
Jawab: He died before the age of 30.
Keyword: Nineteenth-century authors, important works, lived only until age 28.
Pembahasan: Dijelaskan bahwa monolog tersebut membicarakan tentang penulis abad ke-19 yang menulis karya penting yang meninggal pada usia 28.
7. Narrator: What does the speaker imply that Crane did?
Jawab: He lived dangerously.
Keyword: Pack his life with experiences, risked his life.
Pembahasan: Dari kata kunci tersebut dijeiaskan bahwa Crane memenuhi hidupnya dengan pengaiaman dan resiko, sehingga bisa diimplikasikan bahwa hidupnya penuh dengan bahaya.
8. Narrator: According to the speaker, how did Crane write?
Jawab: He wrote about the sea before he experienced it and then again afterward
Keyword: Wrote a story about the sea before he experienced the shipwreck then wrote about the shipwreck he actually experienced.
Pembahasan: Dari kata kunci bisa diambil simpulkan bahwa Crane menulis apa yang dia diimajinasikan kemudian melakukan apa yang dia imajinasikan lalu menulis kembali apa yang benar-benar dia alami begitu seterusnya.
9. Narrator: How does the speaker contrast “The Open Boat” and The Red Badge of Courage?
Jawab: One was written from experience and the other was not.
Keyword: While “The Open Boat” is a factual account, The Red Badge of Courage is fiction.
Pembahasan: Bisa disimpulkan bahwa dia menulis The Open Boat berdasarkan kenyataan yang dia alami, sedangkan pada The Red Badge of Courage hanya didasarkan pada imajinasinya saja.
Script 3
Narrator: Listen to the following talk about termites.
Woman :
These are termites: Cellulose-eating social insects in the order Isoptera. Sometimes they’re referred to as white ants, but they’re actually not closely related to ants, which are grouped with bees and wasps in a different order of insects. The social system of termites is very similar to that of ants, but the termite social structure has evolved independently.
There are about 1,900 species of termites, found in many areas of the world, but most commonly in tropical rain forests. Besides the termites that occur naturally in a given area, many species have been transported inadvertently by man from their native habitats to new parts of the world. They are transported in wooden articles such as shipping crates, boat timbers, lumber, and furniture. Dry-wood termites live in small colonies in wood and tolerate long periods of dryness, and thus can survive for a long time in seasoned wood and furniture. Termites are actually important to the ecology because they help convert plant cellulose into substances that can be recycled into the ecosystem to support new growth. But termites are also very destructive because they feed upon and damage wooden objects and crops. Termites that are transported from other areas are even more dangerous because they’re not as able to eat the trees that grow in their new environment. Therefore, they live in and eat man-made wooden structures and crops.
To treat a termite problem, it’s important to understand whether the termite is a subterranean or a wood-dwelling species, because treatment methods differ. Subterranean termites depend on contact with moisture in the soil and generally reach the wood in man-made structures through contact with the ground. The ground below the foundations of new homes is frequently pretreated with an insecticide to prevent entry by these termites. Regular application of the insecticide by injecting it into the soil is helpful. It is also beneficial to use pressure-treated wood, treated concrete foundation blocks, and reinforced concrete foundations. In addition, preventing contact of the wood with the ground and avoiding cracks or other means of entry is important.
Dry-wood termites, on the other hand, nest in the wood and eat it. They are difficult to control because they enter the wood from the air. Some protection can be achieved by using chemically treated wood in building construction, as well as carefully painting and sealing cracks. Once infestation has occurred, tent fumigation is generally necessary to eradicate the pests. However, sometimes it is useful to pour insecticides into small holes drilled into areas of infested wood.
10. Narrator: What does the speaker say about the similarity of termites to ants?
Jawab: Termites are quite different from ants, but their social structure is similar.
Keyword: Sometimes referred to as white ants, not closely related to ants, bees and wasps; the social system is very similar to ants.
Pembahasan: Dari kata kunci jelas bahwa rayap sering disebut semut putih, tetapi mereka tidak berhubungan dengan semut tetapi mempunyai struktur sosial yang sama.
11. Narrator: According to the speaker, which types of termites are the most destructive to man-made structures?
Jawab: Termites that have been transplanted to an area.
Keyword: Many species have been transported inadvertently by man; can survive for a long time in seasoned wood and furniture.
Pembahasan: Dari kata kunci diketahui bahwa beberapa spesies terbawa dari habitatnya dan mereka bisa bertahan hidup lebih lama.
12. Narrator: Which of the following items does the author imply that termites will not be transported in?
Jawab: Pottery.
Keyword: Can survive in seasoned wood and furniture.
Pembahasan: Dari monolog dapat disimpulkan bahwa mereka hidupnya diperalatan yang berbahan dasar kayu, sedangkan pottery artinya gerabah.
13. Narrator: Which of the following would the speaker probably say?
Jawab: Termites can be beneficial to the ecological system.
Keyword: Termites are actually important to the ecology.
Pembahasan: Kata “important” berarti “penting”, sehingga rayap juga menguntungkan bagi ekologi.
14. Narrator: According to the speaker, in what distinct from dry-wood termites?
Jawab: Subterranean termites enter only from the soil.
Keyword: Subterranean termites reach the wood in man-made structures through contact with the ground; Dry-wood termites enter the wood from the air.
Pembahasan: Dari kalimat kunci jelas bahwa perbedaannya, yaitu subterranean masuk ke peralatan melalui tanah.
15. Narrator: The speaker implies that dry-wood termites are most effectively treated using what method?
Jawab: Treating the entire structure by tenting.
Keyword: Tent fumigation is necessary to eradicate the pests.
Pembahasan: Karena “dry-wood termites” masuknya melalui udara maka penanggulangan yang paling sesuai adalah “tent fumigation”.
Script 4
Narrator: Listen to the following talk.
Man:
This is a tool made of stone. It could be used for digging, cutting, or various other things. Scientists used to believe that the most advanced Stone Age tools were developed in the Middle East and Africa. However, these tools were discovered in China recently, and they’re certainly as advanced as those of the other continents, with the same sophisticated shape and consistency of design as the other tools. These tools were found near the Chinese border with Vietnam, and they appear to be about 800,000 years old. It is a particularly interesting discovery, because now scientists know that in spite of slight differences, similar techniques were used over a very great distance.
16. Narrator: What is the man talking about?
Jawab: An ancient tool.
Keyword: Tool, Stone Age.
Pembahasan: Kata kunci pada soal tersebut adalah tool yang artinya alat dan Stone Age yang berarti jaman batu, berarti yang dibicarakan dalam monolog tersebut adalah alat yang digunakan pada jaman batu (kuno).
17. Narrator: What had scientists believed before these tools were found?
Jawab: That Africans and Middle Easterners were more advanced than anybody else.
Keyword: Used to believe, the most advanced Stone Age tools were developed in the Middle East and Africa, discovered in China recently.
Pembahasan: Used to digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kebiasaan lampau, sedangkan recently artinya baru-baru ini, sehingga dari monolog tersebut bisa diketahui bahwa dulunya orang percaya bahwa yang paling maju pada jaman batu adalah masyarakat Timur Tengah dan Afrika.
18. Narrator: How does the speaker describe the comparison between the new tools and the tools found previously?
Jawab: They are quite similar.
Keyword: As advanced as, the same…as.
Pembahasan: As … os dan the same … as mempunyai makna yang sama dengan similar, yang artinya “sama”.
Script 5
Narrator: Listen to the following talk about Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Woman: .
Today, we continue discussing American authors of the 1800s. Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author of The Scarlet Letter and The House of the Seven Gables, had an interesting and varied life. At times he enjoyed success, and at times he lived in despair. Hawthorne’s father died when he was young, and his family had to move in with relatives. His mother became very reclusive.
Hawthorne didn’t care much for formal schooling, but he severely injured his foot when he was 9, causing him to be incapacitated for a long time. While at home, he began reading Shakespeare and other authors. Hawthorne was later sent to a prep school, but he still wasn’t a particularly good student. After graduating, he returned to the home where his mother lived in seclusion, and he moved into an upstairs room from which he rarely exited. He said he spent the next 12 years in what he called “this dismal chamber.” Actually, some critics say he really didn’t spend as much time in seclusion as he led people to believe, and he concocted the idea that he was a hermit-artist. Critics say that he actually went out from time to time and even traveled to various cities. But he did read and write in the room, improving his writing ability considerably, and at the end of the 12 years, he created a great collection of short stories. During that time, he published a book at his own expense, but it was a failure. Later, he destroyed all the books.
Hawthorne continued to write but was unable to find a publisher, and he was often frustrated. He did manage to publish many of his works in magazines. One of his well-known works, Twice Told Tales, was published as well. He didn’t make enough money from these publications to support a family, so even though he was engaged to marry a woman, they didn’t marry for a long time. Hawthorne took various jobs that involved manual labor, and the work made him too tired to write.
Finally, after an engagement that lasted many years, Hawthorne got married when he was in hi, mid-Ms. He lost a job, which garre him the time to write hi, most famous work. The Scarlet Letter, Although The Scarlet Letter sold well it w» pirated by some publishers, ,o Hawthorne didn’t make much money fromitReference, he made in The Scarlet letter angered man, people from Salem, Massachusetts, so Hawthorne and his wife moved to a new town In their new town, Hawthorne met Herman Mehrille, who wa, writing Moby Dick, and he wrote The House of the Seven Gables.
19. Narrator: What does the speaker imply Hawthorne’s success as a writer?
Jawab: He often struggled, but he did enjoy professional success eventually.
Keyword: Published at his own expense but failure, work made him too tired to write, lost a job, gave him the time to write his most famous work.
Pembahasan: Dari monolog diungkapkan bahwa Hawthorne sering mengalami kegagalan dalam menerbitkan tulisannya, sehingga dia harus bekerja kasar yang kemudian dia dikeluarkan yang membuat dia mempunyai waktu untuk menulis lagi dan akhirnya dia menghasilkan karya besar dan mulai terkenal.
20. Narrator: How does the speaker describe Hawthorne’s scholastic abilities?
Jawab: He did not enjoy school but he did enjoy learning on his own.
Keyword: Didn’t care for formal schooling; sent to a prep school, but still wasn’t a good student, moved into an upstairs room from which he rarely exited.
Pembahasan: Dari frasa yang ada pada kata kunci terlihat bahwa Hawthorne tidak menyukai sekolah formal, tetapi lebih suka belajar sendiri.
21. Narrator: How does the speaker describe Hawthorne’s early home life?
Jawab: His father died when he was young, and his mother was a recluse.
Keyword: Hawthorne’s father died, the family had to move in with relatives, his mother became reclusive.
Pembahasan: Dijelaskan dalam monolog bahwa ayahnya meninggal ketika dia masih kecil dan ibunya mengucilkan diri. Keharusan untuk pindah dengan saudaranya menunjukkan bahwa dia bukan dari keluarga kaya.
22. Narrator: What does the speaker imply that Hawthorne did during his reclusive years?
Jawab: He read and wrote quite a bit, but also got out from time to time.
Keyword: Actually went out from time to time, but he did read and write in the room.
Pembahasan: Dalam monolog dikatakan bahwa beberapa kritikus percaya bahwa dia sering keluar, tidak seperti image yang dia bangun, tetapi dia menulis dan membaca untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis di dalam ruangannya.
23. Narrator: According to the speaker, what was Hawthorne’s reaction to his first published work, which was self-published?
Jawab: He destroyed copies of it because it was a failure.
Keyword: Published at his own expense but failure; destroyed all the books.
Pembahasan: Hubungan antara kedua frasa pada kata kunci adalah sebab akibat, yaitu tidak lakunya buku Hawthorne yang diterbitkan dengan uangnya sendiri membuat dia membakar semua buku-buku tersebut.
24. Narrator: What does the speaker imply about Hawthorne’s financial success?
Jawab: He never achieved financial independence.
Keyword: Pirated by some publishers; didn’t make much money.
Pembahasan: Dalam monolog dinyatakan bahwa Hawthorne akhirnya bisa menghasilkan novel yang sangat sukses tapi dibajak oleh beberapa penerbit “pirated by some publisher”, sehingga dia tidak menghasilkan banyak uang.
25. Narrator: What does the speaker indicate happened to The Scarlet Letter during Hawthorne’s lifetime?
Jawab: Some unscrupulous publishers printed it without Hawthorne’s permission.
Keyword: Pirated.
Pembahasan: Kata kunci “pirated” artinya dirampok, sehingga bisa diimplikasikan bahwa beberapa penerbit menerbitkan The Scarlet Letter tanpa seijin Hawthorne.
Script 6
Narrator: Listen to the following speech about coral reefs.
Woman:
This is a coral real, which is a very important part of our environment, not just for our personal enjoyment, but for many other reasons as well. Coral reefs have suffered greatly in recent years, but they are making a comeback, thanks in the part to a group of volunteers who make it their business to monitor and nurture them.
The United States has 425,000 acres of coral reefs, the majority of which are in Hawaii. Generally, coral grows about one inch a year. Besides providing, habitat fo, lobsters, fish, and other sea life, coral reefs are important because they are used for bone grafts, for developing pesticides, and fo, providing natural breakwaters to protect coasts tar erosion. They are also a natural source of
Besides careless treatment by tourists and officials, one ma|or problem for coral reefs is the result of environmental changes. In 1998, El Nino caused the warmest ocean temperatures ever recorded, resulting in the death of necessary algae and, ultimately, the bleaching of the coral itself. The natural color of healthy coral reefs comes from the algae, but the death of the algae bleaches them white. The fact that the damage generally appears closer to the surface is further proof that higher temperatures are the cause of the problem.
Because of the tremendous importance of coral reefs, the U.S. government has funded numerous projects to assist in bringing damaged reefs back to life. We aren’t out of the woods yet, but things are looking up for the reefs and the natural inhabitants of them. In 1998, it was determined that 15 percent of the world’s reefs were dead, but lately, some have recovered. As the reefs recover, the inhabitants thrive again.
26. Narrator: What does the woman say about the health of coral reefs since 1998?
Jawab: It has improved somewhat since 1998.
Keyword: Lately, some have recovered.
Pembahasan: Kata lately bermakna akhir-akhir ini, some have recovered bermakna beberapa telah kembali pulih. Jadi, bisa diartikan terjadi peningkatan kondisi.
27. Narrator: According to the woman, which of the following is not a reason why coral reefs are important?
Jawab: Healthy coral reefs cause the ocean water to be healthy.
Keyword: Not a reason, habitat, bone grafts, pesticides, protect coasts, the source of beauty.
Pembahasan: Kata habitat bermakna sama dengan home, coasts bermakna sama dengan shore, dan yang berhubungan dengan souce of beauty adalah human health. Jadi yang bukan merupakan suatu alasan yang diungkapkan oleh pembicara adalah terumbu karang menyebabkan air lout menjadi sehat.
28, Narrator: What does the speaker describe as a m«or cause of coral reef death?
Jawab: Higher temperatures.
Keyword: Careless treatment, warmest ocean temperatures, resulting, the death.
Pembahasan: Pada monolog tersebut diungkapkan bahwa tahun 1998 terjadi el nino sehingga suhu air laut menjadi hangat (warmest) yang menyebabkan kematian terumbu karang. Frasa “high temperatures” bermakna sama dengan “warm temperatures”.
29. Narrator: What does the speaker describe as the relationship between coral and algae?
Jawab: Algae are required for coral’s health.
Keyword: The death of the algae bleaches them (coral reef) white.
Pembahasan: Diungkapkan dalam monolog bahwa warna alami terumbu karang yang sehat berasal dari alga, dan jika alga mati maka terumbu karang akan berubah jadi putih. Berarb bisa disimpulkan bahwa alga dibutuhkan untuk kesehatan terumbu karang.
30. Narrator: What has been done to improve the health of coral reefs?
Jawab: The government has spent money on research, education, and monitoring reefs.
Keyword: Funded numerous projects.
Pembahasan: Kata funded bermakna membiayai yang berarti sama dengan has spent money; numerous projects bermakna berbagai macam proyek.
30 Contoh Soal TOEFL Listening Comprehension Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan Part C
Best Score TOEFL 600+
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